Bringing Matplotlib to the Browser

mpld3._display

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Source code for mpld3._display

import warnings
import random
import json
import jinja2
import numpy
import re
import os
from ._server import serve
from .utils import deprecated, get_id, write_ipynb_local_js
from .mplexporter import Exporter
from .mpld3renderer import MPLD3Renderer
from . import urls

__all__ = ["fig_to_html", "fig_to_dict", "fig_to_d3",
           "display_d3", "display",
           "show_d3", "show",
           "enable_notebook", "disable_notebook",
           "save_html", "save_json"]


# Simple HTML template. This works in standalone web pages for single figures,
# but will not work within the IPython notebook due to the presence of
# requirejs
SIMPLE_HTML = jinja2.Template("""
{% if include_libraries %}
<script type="text/javascript" src="{{ d3_url }}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="{{ mpld3_url }}"></script>
{% endif %}

<style>
{{ extra_css }}
</style>

<div id={{ figid }}></div>
<script type="text/javascript">

  !function(mpld3){
       {{ extra_js }}
       mpld3.draw_figure({{ figid }}, {{ figure_json }});
  }(mpld3);


</script>
""")


# RequireJS template.  If requirejs and jquery are not defined, this will
# result in an error.  This is suitable for use within the IPython notebook.
REQUIREJS_HTML = jinja2.Template("""
<style>
{{ extra_css }}
</style>

<div id={{ figid }}></div>
<script type="text/javascript">

if(typeof(window.mpld3) !== "undefined" && window.mpld3._mpld3IsLoaded){
    !function (mpld3){
            {{ extra_js }}
            mpld3.draw_figure({{ figid }}, {{ figure_json }});
    }(mpld3);
}else{
  require.config({paths: {d3: "{{ d3_url[:-3] }}"}});
  require(["d3"], function(d3){
    window.d3 = d3;
    $.getScript("{{ mpld3_url }}", function(){
       {{ extra_js }}
       mpld3.draw_figure({{ figid }}, {{ figure_json }});
    });
  });
}
</script>
""")


# General HTML template.  This should work correctly whether or not requirejs
# is defined, and whether it's embedded in a notebook or in a standalone
# HTML page.
GENERAL_HTML = jinja2.Template("""

<style>
{{ extra_css }}
</style>

<div id={{ figid }}></div>
<script>
function mpld3_load_lib(url, callback){
  var s = document.createElement('script');
  s.src = url;
  s.async = true;
  s.onreadystatechange = s.onload = callback;
  s.onerror = function(){console.warn("failed to load library " + url);};
  document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(s);
}

if(typeof(mpld3) !== "undefined" && mpld3._mpld3IsLoaded){
   // already loaded: just create the figure
   !function(mpld3){
       {{ extra_js }}
       mpld3.draw_figure({{ figid }}, {{ figure_json }});
   }(mpld3);
}else if(typeof define === "function" && define.amd){
   // require.js is available: use it to load d3/mpld3
   require.config({paths: {d3: "{{ d3_url[:-3] }}"}});
   require(["d3"], function(d3){
      window.d3 = d3;
      mpld3_load_lib("{{ mpld3_url }}", function(){
         {{ extra_js }}
         mpld3.draw_figure({{ figid }}, {{ figure_json }});
      });
    });
}else{
    // require.js not available: dynamically load d3 & mpld3
    mpld3_load_lib("{{ d3_url }}", function(){
         mpld3_load_lib("{{ mpld3_url }}", function(){
                 {{ extra_js }}
                 mpld3.draw_figure({{ figid }}, {{ figure_json }});
            })
         });
}
</script>
""")

TEMPLATE_DICT = {"simple": SIMPLE_HTML,
                 "notebook": REQUIREJS_HTML,
                 "general": GENERAL_HTML}


class NumpyEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    """ Special json encoder for numpy types """

    def default(self, obj):
        try:
            iterable = iter(obj)
        except TypeError:
            pass
        else:
            return [self.default(item) for item in iterable]
        if isinstance(obj, numpy.generic):
            return obj.item()
        elif isinstance(obj, (numpy.ndarray,)):
            return obj.tolist()
        return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)


[docs] def fig_to_dict(fig, **kwargs): """Output json-serializable dictionary representation of the figure Parameters ---------- fig : matplotlib figure The figure to display **kwargs : Additional keyword arguments passed to mplexporter.Exporter Returns ------- fig_dict : dict the Python dictionary representation of the figure, which is directly convertible to json using the standard json package. See Also -------- :func:`save_json`: save json representation of a figure to file :func:`save_html` : save html representation of a figure to file :func:`fig_to_html` : output html representation of the figure :func:`show` : launch a local server and show a figure in a browser :func:`display` : embed figure within the IPython notebook :func:`enable_notebook` : automatically embed figures in IPython notebook """ renderer = MPLD3Renderer() Exporter(renderer, close_mpl=False, **kwargs).run(fig) fig, figure_dict, extra_css, extra_js = renderer.finished_figures[0] return figure_dict
[docs] def fig_to_html(fig, d3_url=None, mpld3_url=None, no_extras=False, template_type="general", figid=None, use_http=False, include_libraries=True, **kwargs): """Output html representation of the figure Parameters ---------- fig : matplotlib figure The figure to display d3_url : string (optional) The URL of the d3 library. If not specified, a standard web path will be used. mpld3_url : string (optional) The URL of the mpld3 library. If not specified, a standard web path will be used. no_extras : boolean If true, remove any extra javascript or CSS. The output will be similar to that if the representation output by fig_to_json is embedded in a web page. template_type : string string specifying the type of HTML template to use. Options are: ``"simple"`` suitable for a simple html page with one figure. Will fail if require.js is available on the page. ``"notebook"`` assumes require.js and jquery are available. ``"general"`` more complicated, but works both in and out of the notebook, whether or not require.js and jquery are available figid : string (optional) The html/css id of the figure div, which must not contain spaces. If not specified, a random id will be generated. use_http : boolean (optional) If true, use http:// instead of https:// for d3_url and mpld3_url. include_libraries: boolean (optional) Whether to inject <script> tag to load JS libraries. Defaults to True. **kwargs : Additional keyword arguments passed to mplexporter.Exporter Returns ------- fig_html : string the HTML representation of the figure See Also -------- :func:`save_json`: save json representation of a figure to file :func:`save_html` : save html representation of a figure to file :func:`fig_to_dict` : output dictionary representation of the figure :func:`show` : launch a local server and show a figure in a browser :func:`display` : embed figure within the IPython notebook :func:`enable_notebook` : automatically embed figures in IPython notebook """ if not include_libraries: template_type = "simple" template = TEMPLATE_DICT[template_type] # TODO: allow fig to be a list of figures? d3_url = d3_url or urls.D3_URL mpld3_url = mpld3_url or urls.MPLD3_URL if use_http: d3_url = d3_url.replace('https://', 'http://') mpld3_url = mpld3_url.replace('https://', 'http://') if figid is None: figid = 'fig_' + get_id(fig) + str(int(random.random() * 1E10)) elif re.search('\s', figid): raise ValueError("figid must not contain spaces") renderer = MPLD3Renderer() Exporter(renderer, close_mpl=False, **kwargs).run(fig) fig, figure_json, extra_css, extra_js = renderer.finished_figures[0] if no_extras: extra_css = "" extra_js = "" return template.render(figid=json.dumps(figid), d3_url=d3_url, mpld3_url=mpld3_url, figure_json=json.dumps(figure_json, cls=NumpyEncoder), extra_css=extra_css, extra_js=extra_js, include_libraries=include_libraries)
[docs] def display(fig=None, closefig=True, local=False, **kwargs): """Display figure in IPython notebook via the HTML display hook Parameters ---------- fig : matplotlib figure The figure to display (grabs current figure if missing) closefig : boolean (default: True) If true, close the figure so that the IPython matplotlib mode will not display the png version of the figure. local : boolean (optional, default=False) if True, then copy the d3 & mpld3 libraries to a location visible to the notebook server, and source them from there. See Notes below. **kwargs : additional keyword arguments are passed through to :func:`fig_to_html`. Returns ------- fig_d3 : IPython.display.HTML object the IPython HTML rich display of the figure. Notes ----- Known issues: using ``local=True`` may not work correctly in certain cases: - In IPython < 2.0, ``local=True`` may fail if the current working directory is changed within the notebook (e.g. with the %cd command). - In IPython 2.0+, ``local=True`` may fail if a url prefix is added (e.g. by setting NotebookApp.base_url). See Also -------- :func:`show` : launch a local server and show a figure in a browser :func:`enable_notebook` : automatically embed figures in IPython notebook """ # import here, in case users don't have requirements installed from IPython.display import HTML import matplotlib.pyplot as plt if local: if 'mpld3_url' in kwargs or 'd3_url' in kwargs: warnings.warn( "display: specified urls are ignored when local=True") kwargs['d3_url'], kwargs['mpld3_url'] = write_ipynb_local_js() if fig is None: fig = plt.gcf() if closefig: plt.close(fig) return HTML(fig_to_html(fig, **kwargs))
[docs] def show(fig=None, ip='127.0.0.1', port=8888, n_retries=50, local=True, open_browser=True, http_server=None, **kwargs): """Open figure in a web browser Similar behavior to plt.show(). This opens the D3 visualization of the specified figure in the web browser. On most platforms, the browser will open automatically. Parameters ---------- fig : matplotlib figure The figure to display. If not specified, the current active figure will be used. ip : string, default = '127.0.0.1' the ip address used for the local server port : int, default = 8888 the port number to use for the local server. If already in use, a nearby open port will be found (see n_retries) n_retries : int, default = 50 the maximum number of ports to try when locating an empty port. local : bool, default = True if True, use the local d3 & mpld3 javascript versions, within the js/ folder. If False, use the standard urls. open_browser : bool (optional) if True (default), then open a web browser to the given HTML http_server : class (optional) optionally specify an HTTPServer class to use for showing the figure. The default is Python's basic HTTPServer. **kwargs : additional keyword arguments are passed through to :func:`fig_to_html` See Also -------- :func:`display` : embed figure within the IPython notebook :func:`enable_notebook` : automatically embed figures in IPython notebook """ if local: kwargs['mpld3_url'] = '/mpld3.js' kwargs['d3_url'] = '/d3.js' files = {'/mpld3.js': ["text/javascript", open(urls.MPLD3_LOCAL, 'r').read()], '/d3.js': ["text/javascript", open(urls.D3_LOCAL, 'r').read()]} else: files = None if fig is None: # import here, in case matplotlib.use(...) is called by user import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.gcf() html = fig_to_html(fig, **kwargs) serve(html, ip=ip, port=port, n_retries=n_retries, files=files, open_browser=open_browser, http_server=http_server)
[docs] def enable_notebook(local=False, **kwargs): """Enable the automatic display of figures in the IPython Notebook. This function should be used with the inline Matplotlib backend that ships with IPython that can be enabled with `%pylab inline` or `%matplotlib inline`. This works by adding an HTML formatter for Figure objects; the existing SVG/PNG formatters will remain enabled. Parameters ---------- local : boolean (optional, default=False) if True, then copy the d3 & mpld3 libraries to a location visible to the notebook server, and source them from there. See Notes below. **kwargs : all keyword parameters are passed through to :func:`fig_to_html` Notes ----- Known issues: using ``local=True`` may not work correctly in certain cases: - In IPython < 2.0, ``local=True`` may fail if the current working directory is changed within the notebook (e.g. with the %cd command). - In IPython 2.0+, ``local=True`` may fail if a url prefix is added (e.g. by setting NotebookApp.base_url). See Also -------- :func:`disable_notebook` : undo the action of enable_notebook :func:`display` : embed figure within the IPython notebook :func:`show` : launch a local server and show a figure in a browser """ try: from IPython.core.getipython import get_ipython from matplotlib.figure import Figure except ImportError: raise ImportError('This feature requires IPython 1.0+ and Matplotlib') if local: if 'mpld3_url' in kwargs or 'd3_url' in kwargs: warnings.warn( "enable_notebook: specified urls are ignored when local=True") kwargs['d3_url'], kwargs['mpld3_url'] = write_ipynb_local_js() ip = get_ipython() formatter = ip.display_formatter.formatters['text/html'] formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig, kwds=kwargs: fig_to_html(fig, **kwds))
[docs] def disable_notebook(): """Disable the automatic display of figures in the IPython Notebook. See Also -------- :func:`enable_notebook` : automatically embed figures in IPython notebook """ try: from IPython.core.getipython import get_ipython from matplotlib.figure import Figure except ImportError: raise ImportError('This feature requires IPython 1.0+ and Matplotlib') ip = get_ipython() formatter = ip.display_formatter.formatters['text/html'] formatter.type_printers.pop(Figure, None)
[docs] def save_html(fig, fileobj, **kwargs): """Save a matplotlib figure to an html file Parameters ---------- fig : matplotlib Figure instance The figure to write to file. fileobj : filename or file object The filename or file-like object in which to write the HTML representation of the figure. **kwargs : additional keyword arguments will be passed to :func:`fig_to_html` See Also -------- :func:`save_json`: save json representation of a figure to file :func:`fig_to_html` : output html representation of the figure :func:`fig_to_dict` : output dictionary representation of the figure """ if isinstance(fileobj, str): fileobj = open(fileobj, 'w') if not hasattr(fileobj, 'write'): raise ValueError("fileobj should be a filename or a writable file") fileobj.write(fig_to_html(fig, **kwargs))
[docs] def save_json(fig, fileobj, **kwargs): """Save a matplotlib figure to a json file. Note that any plugins which depend on generated HTML will not be included in the JSON encoding. Parameters ---------- fig : matplotlib Figure instance The figure to write to file. fileobj : filename or file object The filename or file-like object in which to write the HTML representation of the figure. **kwargs : additional keyword arguments will be passed to :func:`fig_to_dict` See Also -------- :func:`save_html` : save html representation of a figure to file :func:`fig_to_html` : output html representation of the figure :func:`fig_to_dict` : output dictionary representation of the figure """ if isinstance(fileobj, str): fileobj = open(fileobj, 'w') if not hasattr(fileobj, 'write'): raise ValueError("fileobj should be a filename or a writable file") json.dump(fig_to_dict(fig, **kwargs), fileobj, cls=NumpyEncoder)
# Deprecated versions of these functions show_d3 = deprecated(show, "mpld3.show_d3", "mpld3.show") fig_to_d3 = deprecated(fig_to_html, "mpld3.fig_to_d3", "mpld3.fig_to_html") display_d3 = deprecated(display, "mpld3.display_d3", "mpld3.display")

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